The wall of the uterus is composed of smooth muscle. A uterine fibroid represents an overgrowth of these smooth muscle cells. These fibroids may occur on the outside of the uterus (subserosal), within the wall of the uterus (transmural), or within the cavity of the uterus (submucosal). Fibroids that project within the cavity of the uterus generally have the most significant reproductive importance. There are also recent reports of a 25-50% reduction in success with In Vitro Fertilization when larger transmural myomas are not removed.
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